OpenAI has introduced Operator, an AI-powered agent designed to complete web-based tasks autonomously. Using a built-in browser, Operator can interact with websites by typing, clicking, and scrolling, simplifying a variety of repetitive tasks for users.
What Is Operator?
Operator is one of OpenAI’s first “agents,” AI tools capable of performing tasks independently based on user instructions. Currently in a research preview phase, Operator is designed to evolve through user feedback. According to OpenAI, it can handle tasks like filling out forms, ordering groceries, and even creating memes.
“Operator can use the same interfaces people interact with daily, helping save time and enhancing digital engagement opportunities,” OpenAI explained.
How Operator Works
Operator is powered by a new model called the Computer-Using Agent (CUA), which integrates the vision capabilities of GPT-4 with advanced reasoning through reinforcement learning. CUA allows Operator to interact with graphical user interfaces (GUIs), such as buttons, menus, and text fields, by analyzing screenshots and performing actions like a human user.
When Operator encounters challenges, it uses reasoning to self-correct. For more complex scenarios, it hands control back to the user, enabling a collaborative experience. Operator has already achieved state-of-the-art benchmark results in WebArena and WebVoyager, key tests for browser-based task performance.
Key Features
- Task Automation: Automate repetitive tasks such as ordering groceries, filling out forms, and booking services.
- Multi-Tasking: Handle multiple tasks simultaneously, such as booking flights while shopping online.
- Customization: Add personalized instructions for specific websites or workflows.
- Prompt Saving: Save frequently used prompts for quick and easy access.
- Takeover Mode: Pause and transfer control to the user for sensitive tasks, such as entering payment details or login credentials.
Safety and Privacy
OpenAI has prioritized safety and privacy in Operator, implementing multiple safeguards to ensure secure usage:
- Task Monitoring: Operator asks for user confirmation before completing significant actions.
- Sensitive Data Handling: Users are prompted to take over for tasks involving sensitive information, like passwords or payment details.
- Data Privacy Management: Browsing data can be deleted, and privacy settings can be managed with a single click.
- Threat Detection: Operator is equipped to detect and avoid phishing attempts, malicious code, and hidden prompts.
While Operator is designed with robust safeguards, OpenAI acknowledges it is still a research preview and may encounter limitations.
Limitations and Future Plans
Operator is in its early stages and may face challenges with tasks involving complex interfaces, such as creating slideshows or managing calendars. OpenAI has outlined its future plans:
- CUA Model API: OpenAI plans to release the CUA model via API, enabling developers to create their own agents.
- Enhanced Workflow Handling: Improvements are in progress to enable Operator to manage more complex workflows.
- Broader Availability: Once refined, Operator will be available to Plus, Team, and Enterprise users, with plans for full integration into ChatGPT.
Ecosystem and Collaborations
OpenAI is collaborating with companies such as DoorDash, Instacart, OpenTable, Priceline, and others to refine Operator for real-world applications. It is also exploring public sector use cases with organizations like the City of Stockton to simplify access to government services.
Through these partnerships, OpenAI aims to ensure that Operator delivers practical value across diverse industries while improving its functionality based on user and business feedback.
Usage and Availability
Operator became available to Pro users in the U.S. starting January 23, 2025, through operator.chatgpt.com. Users can initiate tasks by describing what they need and can take over control whenever necessary.
OpenAI plans to gradually roll out Operator to additional user tiers, including Plus, Team, and Enterprise, once its safety and usability are thoroughly validated.