The European Commission on Wednesday issued two sets of preliminary findings against Alphabet, Google’s parent company, for failing to comply with the Digital Markets Act (DMA). These findings focus on Google Search and Google Play, services where Alphabet is designated a gatekeeper under EU regulations.
Google Search Favoring Its Own Services
The Commission’s preliminary view is that Google Search unfairly prioritizes Alphabet’s own services—like shopping, hotel bookings, transport, financial results, and sports—over competitors. The EU states these services get prominent placement at the top of search results or in dedicated spaces, with enhanced visuals and filtering options.
Under the DMA, gatekeepers must rank services transparently, fairly, and without discrimination. Despite Alphabet’s reported changes to Google Search, the Commission, after its investigation and feedback from third parties during workshops, believes Alphabet still gives its offerings better treatment, breaching DMA rules.
Google Play Blocking App Developers’ Freedom
The Commission also flagged Google Play’s steering rules. The DMA requires app developers to freely inform users about cheaper alternatives, steer them to those offers, and enable purchases outside the platform—at no cost. The EU’s press release states, “Alphabet fails to comply with that obligation.” Specifically, Alphabet technically restricts developers from directing customers to their preferred offers or channels.
Additionally, while Alphabet can charge fees for acquiring new customers via Google Play, the Commission finds these fees excessive. For example, developers face high charges over an extended period for every digital goods or services purchase—not just initial ones—beyond what’s justified.
What Happens Next?
These preliminary findings notify Alphabet of suspected DMA violations. The EU press release clarifies this “does not prejudge the outcome of the investigation.” Alphabet can now exercise its “rights of defence” by reviewing the Commission’s files and responding in writing. If confirmed, the Commission will issue a non-compliance decision. Meanwhile, it’s engaging with Alphabet to identify solutions that meet DMA standards.
Google’s Pushback
Google’s Senior Director of Competition, Oliver Bethell, responded, saying, “Today’s announcement by the European Commission pushes for more changes to Google Search, Android, and Play that will hurt European businesses and consumers, hinder innovation, weaken security, and degrade product quality.”
Impact on Businesses and Users
Bethell warns that altering Search results would reduce traffic to European businesses by up to 30%, making it harder for users to find what they need. For instance, without direct airline links, travelers might pay more via intermediaries. He notes users are already using “clunky workarounds” due to existing changes, frustrated by the experience.
Security Risks on Android and Play
Bethell calls the EU’s stance on Android and Play a “false choice between openness and security.” Unlike iOS, where Apple reviews apps, Android lets developers distribute freely, offering 50 times more apps. But he argues that without protection from “scammy or malicious links” outside Play’s secure environment, users face higher malware and fraud risks.
He also defends fees, saying they fund Android and Play’s development for billions worldwide—not just those who can afford a €1,000 phone. Without “reasonable fees,” investment in this open platform could falter.
Google’s Stance
Bethell says Google will continue cooperating with the Commission and complying with DMA rules. He concludes:
But today’s findings now increase the risk of an even worse experience for Europeans. The DMA is designed to regulate large platforms like Google, Apple, and Meta, and boost competition, but in reality, it is having the opposite effect by hurting European businesses and consumers. We hope to find a way of addressing these concerns.